Vol 64 No 2 2024 

Page  4

Histopathology in Zimbabwe: The Fruits of COVID

By Rudo Makunike-Mutasa, MBChB, MMed Sci,  FRCPath, FCPathECSA 

IAP Vice President,  Southern Africa

By Rudo Makunike-Mutasa 

MBChB, MMed Sci,  FRCPath, FCPathECSA 

IAP Vice President, Southern Africa

The COVID 19 pandemic was an unforeseen wave that brought many changes : changed the way we interact, the way we work, and in addition, changed the way we teach and our outlook in general. It brought to the fore the importance and value of…..THE INTERNET !! 

Lessons learnt:

1. MUST stay alert

Things can change over night. I had a practical with medical students on Thursday 28th March 2020 , and the Zimbabwean government announced the first ever lockdown on Tuesday 26th March: I never ever saw that group of students again!! By the time lockdown was lifted, the students had finished their surgery rotation and pathology was history!

2. Learning is a continuous process 

From knowing nothing about Severe Respiratory Distress Syndrome and corona virus, I found myself appointed on the presidential COVID 19 advisory committee to advise the President of Zimbabwe and his cabinet on interventions including screening policies and lockdown protocols in the COVID pandemic. Serving on the committee taught me that patient care and disease control is a TEAM process. From being a solo histopathologist, overnight, I became a member of a multi discplinary team: Epidemiologist, paediatrician, anesthetist, virologist, anatomic pathologist.

3. Threat of death yields instant results 

From years of requesting an upgrade to the mortuary and negative pressure……………… suddenly it became possible!! 

We didn’t get the fancy post mortem tables with goose neck shower roses, neither did we get a coat of paint, but we DID …. FINALLY get the negative pressure!!! 

Mortuary gallery at Harare Central Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe

4. Life  without  friends,  is not life at all.   

Learning  must take place  regardless of  lock down’s! Thanks to  subsidised  international membership of USCAP,  allowed  us access to  the USCAP e -learning, where we had both the interactive microscopy as well as  pre -corded presentations.    The  full membership to USCAP would not have been affordable on Zimbabwean public service salaries, but the reduced   subsidised  fee  made it possible.  Throughout COVID lock downs we continued to learn courtesy of the USCAP e learning center. 

USCAP didactic session 

USCAP and interactive session taken from my computer screen 

5. INNOVATIONS  

After enjoying the free interactive sessions, and the conference related free on- demand sessions have run out, life has to go on  and teaching must continue even when student and teacher are separated .    We struggled to find a solution where we could use our OWN teaching material and our own cases to teach multiple students around the microscope in real time.   This seemed  impossible with limited resources.   We  then stumbled on an intervention produced by  a company known as PRIMECAM , domiciled in Brazil,  and exhibited at USCAP 2024  conference.   This  wonderful gadget allows us to bring on board the technologies we had learnt and benefited from in COViD: The camera, and the internet.   A Camera with a built-in modem was the answer!!    Even an ex demo unit was out of reach of the university and the gadget was on offer at the end of the conference and nowhere else.    Along came an angel in the form of IAP Communications Coordinator, Dr Stan Shaw!.  Dr  Shaw  visited the stand and waved his magic wand !:

i. He managed to facilitate a very generous discount with PRIMECAM.

ii. and paid half the discounted price.

All that remained was to raise  the remaining half of the cost.  Thanks to Whatsapp on the phone and Internet  a quick phone call to the CEO of the largest private laboratory in Zimbabwe  availed the balance, and the unit was acquired.


The  camera teaching unit has been a game changer!!  

i) Now  able to teach more than one student in the room real time as we only previously had a double header.

ii) Now  able to conduct multi disciplinary clinical management meetings and show the images to clinicians who are off site.

iii) Now able to teach students who are in another location: a remote site.

iv) Able to support young pathologists deployed to districts and offer a second option.

All that is required is 

Dr Ephraim Sunhwa, recent University of Zimbabwe graduate teaching Dr Sharon Mugayi  a final year resident at University of Zimbabwe.  Dr. Mugayi is viewing from a conventional piece whilst three other registrars view real-time from Dr. Dube's smartphone, as Dr. Sunhwa observes and instructs. 

6. As a pathologist, life without Internet is…………not life at all!    

We  await artificial intelligence with bated breath.

Rudo Makunike- Mutasa

Zimbabwean Pathologist